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Variation of reproductive behaviour and success of males adopting different tactics in Atlantic salmon

Identifieur interne : 007D86 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 007D85; suivant : 007D87

Variation of reproductive behaviour and success of males adopting different tactics in Atlantic salmon

Auteurs : B. De Gaudemar [France] ; E. Beall [France]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:2BB80225D3B76D7F3F52A5C307D9F569E054299A

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Six males and five females anadromous Atlantic salmon were released in two sections of the Lapitxuri experimental stream (Southwest France), where they could reproduce naturally. Females had all the same size and age, contrary to males. We focussed our attention on the variation with time of spawning tactics and success of males. Two factors affected male spawning behaviour in the short term. An increase of the OSR increased the level of male competition around redds which resulted in a larger number of males adopting sneaking rather than fighting tactics. Changes in female activities also seemed to be detected by males, since male aggressiveness increased when females were close to oviposition. But whatever their activities, males preferentially courted the earlier spawning female when two females were active at the same time. Fighting in males was confirmed to be the most successful tactic at a given time. However, males adopting sneaking tactic at the beginning of the spawning season could dramatically increase their reproductive success in the long‐term. Fighting males invested much more energy in contests than secondary males, which may constitute a handicap in terms of longevity. They could quickly lose their status or strength with time which, although placed in a situation of high OSR, resulted in greater numbers of previously low‐ranking males adopting satellite and fighting tactics during the period preceding oviposition. Age more than size affected male status and reproductive success. Females seemed to select their mate directly in relation to their physiological condition, since they only attacked dull coloured males showing obvious wound marks. They also could indirectly choose their mate by repeatedly leaving the redd during the period preceding oviposition in a situation of high OSR. This behaviour might incite male competition and also promoted, by incessant attempts of secondary males to rob the more successful status of primary males, their chance to spawn with fitter males. These results emphasized the importance of environment, physiological condition and energy expenditure in allocation tactics and variations in salmon reproductive success throughout the spawning season. This led us to hypothesize that the choice of sneaking through conditional strategies might provide greater average fitness in salmon alternative life histories.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.216bb.x


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<term>Nemachilus angorae</term>
<term>Nest opening</term>
<term>Network theory</term>
<term>Nocturnal foraging excursions</term>
<term>Normal distribution model</term>
<term>Normal stickleback males</term>
<term>Norwich</term>
<term>Nova scotia</term>
<term>Olfactory</term>
<term>Olfactory cues</term>
<term>Olfactory sensitivity</term>
<term>Original group</term>
<term>Other fish families</term>
<term>Other guppies</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Oviposition</term>
<term>Oviposition choices</term>
<term>Oviposition decisions</term>
<term>Oxygen levels</term>
<term>Pakefield road</term>
<term>Paper abstracts</term>
<term>Parablennius tentacularis</term>
<term>Paralichthys olivaceus</term>
<term>Parasite</term>
<term>Parasitic</term>
<term>Park place</term>
<term>Parr</term>
<term>Physiological condition</term>
<term>Piscivorous barbus</term>
<term>Plaice</term>
<term>Poecilia reticulata</term>
<term>Pool habitat</term>
<term>Population biology</term>
<term>Population densities</term>
<term>Population differences</term>
<term>Population dynamics</term>
<term>Population structure</term>
<term>Predation</term>
<term>Predator</term>
<term>Predator attack</term>
<term>Predator inspection</term>
<term>Predator inspection behaviour</term>
<term>Present data</term>
<term>Present study</term>
<term>Prey</term>
<term>Prey selection</term>
<term>Prey size</term>
<term>Putative prey</term>
<term>Queen mary</term>
<term>Recent work</term>
<term>Reproductive</term>
<term>Reproductive behaviour</term>
<term>Reproductive success</term>
<term>Resource competition</term>
<term>Results show</term>
<term>Rhodeus sericeus</term>
<term>River discharge</term>
<term>Salmo salar</term>
<term>Salmo trutta</term>
<term>Salmon</term>
<term>Salmon parr</term>
<term>Salmonid</term>
<term>Same time</term>
<term>Secondary males</term>
<term>Several species</term>
<term>Sexual selection</term>
<term>Shallow waters</term>
<term>Shoal</term>
<term>Shoaling</term>
<term>Shoaling behaviour</term>
<term>Shoaling tendency</term>
<term>Significant differences</term>
<term>Single males</term>
<term>Small groups</term>
<term>Sneaker males</term>
<term>Social behaviour</term>
<term>Social interactions</term>
<term>Social networks</term>
<term>Southern population</term>
<term>Species ranges</term>
<term>Sperm</term>
<term>Sperm cloud</term>
<term>Sperm competition</term>
<term>Sperm competition dynamics</term>
<term>Sperm expenditure</term>
<term>Sponge substrata</term>
<term>Stickleback</term>
<term>Stickleback gasterosteus aculeatus</term>
<term>Stream transport</term>
<term>Substrate embeddedness</term>
<term>Succursale centre ville</term>
<term>Testis</term>
<term>Tidal</term>
<term>Tidal streams</term>
<term>Trait</term>
<term>Transport mechanism</term>
<term>Trout</term>
<term>Turbot</term>
<term>Unfamiliar fish</term>
<term>Unfamiliar groups</term>
<term>Unknown individuals</term>
<term>Vertebrate</term>
<term>Vertebrate models</term>
<term>Vertebrate zoology</term>
<term>Visual cues</term>
<term>Visual isolation</term>
<term>Wageningen institute</term>
<term>Wales aberystwyth</term>
<term>Water flow rate</term>
<term>Water temperature</term>
<term>Water velocity</term>
<term>Wavelength spectrum</term>
<term>West mains road</term>
<term>Western australia</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wild populations</term>
<term>Yellow stingray</term>
<term>Yellowfin shiner</term>
<term>Yugoslav part</term>
<term>Zoology</term>
<term>Zooplankton</term>
<term>Zooplankton density</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Aquiculture</term>
<term>Biologie</term>
<term>écologie</term>
<term>Poisson</term>
<term>Ressource alimentaire</term>
<term>Eau douce</term>
<term>Habitat</term>
<term>Ressource naturelle</term>
<term>Dynamique de la population</term>
<term>Comportement social</term>
<term>Zoologie</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Six males and five females anadromous Atlantic salmon were released in two sections of the Lapitxuri experimental stream (Southwest France), where they could reproduce naturally. Females had all the same size and age, contrary to males. We focussed our attention on the variation with time of spawning tactics and success of males. Two factors affected male spawning behaviour in the short term. An increase of the OSR increased the level of male competition around redds which resulted in a larger number of males adopting sneaking rather than fighting tactics. Changes in female activities also seemed to be detected by males, since male aggressiveness increased when females were close to oviposition. But whatever their activities, males preferentially courted the earlier spawning female when two females were active at the same time. Fighting in males was confirmed to be the most successful tactic at a given time. However, males adopting sneaking tactic at the beginning of the spawning season could dramatically increase their reproductive success in the long‐term. Fighting males invested much more energy in contests than secondary males, which may constitute a handicap in terms of longevity. They could quickly lose their status or strength with time which, although placed in a situation of high OSR, resulted in greater numbers of previously low‐ranking males adopting satellite and fighting tactics during the period preceding oviposition. Age more than size affected male status and reproductive success. Females seemed to select their mate directly in relation to their physiological condition, since they only attacked dull coloured males showing obvious wound marks. They also could indirectly choose their mate by repeatedly leaving the redd during the period preceding oviposition in a situation of high OSR. This behaviour might incite male competition and also promoted, by incessant attempts of secondary males to rob the more successful status of primary males, their chance to spawn with fitter males. These results emphasized the importance of environment, physiological condition and energy expenditure in allocation tactics and variations in salmon reproductive success throughout the spawning season. This led us to hypothesize that the choice of sneaking through conditional strategies might provide greater average fitness in salmon alternative life histories.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>France</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Aquitaine</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Aquitaine</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Saint Pée sur Nivelle</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="France">
<region name="Nouvelle-Aquitaine">
<name sortKey="De Gaudemar, B" sort="De Gaudemar, B" uniqKey="De Gaudemar B" first="B." last="De Gaudemar">B. De Gaudemar</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Beall, E" sort="Beall, E" uniqKey="Beall E" first="E." last="Beall">E. Beall</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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